Categories
Letters

Letter to Mayor

I am writing to protest Mayor Walsh’s commemoration of Khojaly Day which is a rehashing of Azerbaijani propaganda. The Armenian people are the inhabitants of the entirety of the province of Nagorno-Kharabakh and have been defending themselves in their struggle for self determination for more than three decades. The Armenian during the twentieth century lost one and a half million people in the genocide perpetrated against them by Azerbaijan’s chief supporter, the Republic of Turkey.


This particular proclamation is especially offensive and outrageous coming as it does in the aftermath of war between the Armenian inhabitants of Artsakh and the genocidal regime of Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan is a regime that is hostile to the Armenians as it actively promotes the denial of the Armenian Genocide. At the outset of the recent war of aggression against the Armenians, Azerbaijani leaders openly advocated an attack on nuclear facilities within the Republic of Armenia.


This declaration of “Khojaly Day” is morally offensive and should be revoked with apologies extended to the Armenian people. Perhaps a reading of history is in order. See the recent “Thirty Year Genocide” by Israeli historians Benny Morris and Dror Ze’evi. I respectfully ask that the Mayor of Boston revoke proclamation as quickly as possible.

Theodore G. Karakostas 

Categories
Letters

Letter to Ekathemerini

UPDATE

Received response from Ekathemerini that they received letter and purpose of letter to show other side succeeded

The following is in response to the assertion that Russia and Turkey are uniting against the Ecumenical Patriarchate. I am a Greek Orthodox of the United States under the omophorion of the Ecumenical Patriarchate. I have long considered myself proud to be part of the flock of Constantinople but ceased to be so following the events of 2018 when the Ecumenical Patriarchate violated the canons of the Orthodox Church by intervening in the territory of the autocephalousRussian Orthodox Church.


The Ecumenical Patriarchate is considered to hold a “primacy of honor” among the world’s Orthodox Churches. The Patriarch is considered “first among equals” and is commemorated first by all the primates of the Orthodox Churches. The Ecumenical Patriarchate however has no authority or power outside of the various eparchies that it presently presides over in America, Australia, Canada, and parts of Greece. The Orthodox Church is conciliar and the only real binding authority emanates from the authority of an ecumenical council in which all autocephalous Churches participate. 


 In 2018, the Ecumenical Patriarchate intervened on the canonical territory of the Russian Orthodox Church. The Ukrainian Orthodox Church is an autonomous part of the Russian Church. It has been part of the Russian Church since 1686 as can be proven by the Tomos then given to Ukraine by the Ecumenical Patriarch Dionysios IV. Furthermore, the canon laws of the Orthodox Church prohibit one autocephalous Church (regardless of honor) from intervening in the affairs of another. 

The Ecumenical Patriarchate has committed an abundance of canonical violations which include an awkward attempt to restore bishops who had been properly deposed and anathematized by the Russian Church. These are all ecclesiastical matters grounded in canon law and Orthodox ecclesiology. Theologians, Church historians, and canonists from throughout the Orthodox world (including Greece and Cyprus) have made a solid case against Constantinople. 

The Orthodox Church is founded by Christ and led by the savior alone. Secular governments have no business interfering in Church matters. The Church of Christ is not a political party nor a non governmental organization. It is not a tool to be used by secular American officials and secular journalists unfamiliar with the dogmas,theology, and ecclesiology of the Orthodox Church. 


At the present time, there is a violent campaign directed against the canonical Ukrainian Orthodox Church. This is the authentic Church because its bishops have valid consecrations and its priests have valid ordinations that can be traced to the apostles. This is in contrast to the fake bishops supported by Patriarch Bartholomew and the American State Department. The bishops in this so called “Orthodox Church of Ukraine” are either self ordained lay people or defrocked clerics from the canonical Ukrainian Church.


As a Greek American, I am more than aware of the delicate position of the Ecumenical Patriarchate in Constantinople. As a writer, I have written extensively on the position of the Ecumenical Patriarchate and its brutal history during the twentieth century from the genocide of 1922 until the pogroms of 1955 and the more recent terror attacks against the Ecumenical Patriarchate by various Turkish ultranationalist groups. Despite my love for the Church and city of Constantinople, I stand in opposition to what Patriarch Bartholomew has done in Ukraine because it violates Orthodox ecclesiology. 


There is an irony here that has been overlooked by everyone. American officials at the State Department hypocritically claim to champion the rights of the Ecumenical Patriarchate. There predecessors in 1955 not only ignored the horror of the anti Greek pogroms in Constantinople but they threatened  to cut off aid to Greece when Athens protested the atrocities against the faithful of Constantinople. During the 1960’s when the ethnic Greek Orthodox of Constantinople and islands of Imbros and Tenedos were ethnically cleansed there was not a word of protest from the State Department or NATO. 


That was the period when the Ecumenical Patriarchate lost most of its flock and why it is in the precarious state that it is in. The Church of Constantinople has remained alive since 1453 because it was secured by the power of Christ and remained a spiritual institution. Its politicization in the last several years by Washington for use in its anti Russian campaign is devastating the Ecumenical Patriarchate. The Church of Constantinople would stand stronger by remaining in good standing with the universal Orthodox Church than currying favor with the State Department. 


It is a tragedy that so few are able to see the terrible situation that presently afflicts Orthodoxy. It is a tragedy that bishops in Constantinople, Alexandria, Greece, and Cyprus have come under the influence of secular governments. Russia presents no threat to the Ecumenical Patriarchate. The threat to the Ecumenical Patriarchate comes from those who are using it to foment anti Russian hysteria. 


The consensus of opinion in Orthodoxy is that the Russian Church has grievances over what has transpired in Ukraine since 2018. Only the secular world believes that Constantinople is the victim in this entire situation. It pains me profoundly to speak against the Church of Constantinople but I follow the example of the Greek Orthodox faithful in history who rejected the iconoclasm of the Patriarch of Constantinople during the eighth century and the Greek speaking faithful of the holy city of Constantinople who in 1439 supported Saint Mark of Ephesus and rejected the Bishops who signed the Union of Florence. 


There must be peace and reconciliation in the Orthodox Church. Only when the canonical situation in Ukraine has been restored will Orthodoxy be at peace. When Orthodoxy is at peace, then the Ecumenical Patriarchate might begin to repair the damage that has been done to its as a result of its uncanonical actions in Ukraine.


Above all, it should be remembered that the theological school of Halki remains closed. The Greek Orthodox world has suffered the loss of Hagia Sophia. The StateDepartment has taken no action to rectify these matters or to hold Turkey accountable, because its only concern is with provoking Russia. All Orthodox Greeks should join the rest of the Orthodox world in condemning the disruption of peace in the Church of Christ by secular political interests. 

                                                                 Thank you,
                                                       Theodore G. Karakostas 

Categories
faith

Taunting the Russians

Reports have indicated for quite some time that Patriarch Bartholomew will be visiting Ukraine sometime in 2021. Latest developments regarding the Patriarchal visit to Ukraine suggest that the Patriarch of Alexandria and the Archbishops of Cyprus and Greece will accompany the Patriarch to Kiev where they will most likely concelebrate the divine liturgy with the unordained lay person known as Sergei Dimenko. There are several disturbing aspects about these reports if they are true.

If the primates of four Greek speaking Churches meet with and concelebrate with the impostor “bishop” of Ukraine it can only be construed as a serious insult directed at the Russian Orthodox Church. There will be nothing religious or spiritual about such activities. This will simply be a politically motivated attack against Russia.

Patriarch Bartholomew has exploited Greek Orthodox faithful from around the world. I love the Church and city of Constantinople but I love Christ and the holy gospel more. Patriarch Bartholomew has proceeded to drag the the Greek speaking Churches into his war on Russia and to make them accomplices in the plan to dismember the Russian Church. It is a tragedy beyond comprehension that the primates of the Churches of Alexandria, Greece, and Cyprus have joined Constantinople in trampling upon the sacred canons of the Church by recognizing laymen posing as Orthodox bishops.

Archbishop Ieronymos of Athens is a moral coward. An unworthy successor of his two predecessors Archbishops Serapheim and Christodoulos. Patriarch Theodore of Alexandria and Archbishop Chrysostom of Cyprus once supported the canonical Ukrainian Orthodox Church under the synod of Metropolitan Onuphry. Their defections are tragic and disturbing. Considering the dramatic reversal of their previous stances there can be no question that something has been happening behind closed doors.

The Greek Orthodox world is in a very sorry state. Never before in my lifetime have the Greek Churches been in such a state of crisis. Then there is the state of the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America which has been mired in scandal after scandal over the past several years.

Patriarch Bartholomew has done everything he can to provoke conflict between the Greek Churches and the Russian Church. Greek Orthodox Christians should not support any of these policies. The Russians and Ukrainians are our brothers and sisters in the faith. Patriarch Bartholomew does not represent me and he does have the right to conduct these nefarious activities under the Greek flag.

As a Greek, I also look forward to the celebrations of the two hundredth anniversary of the Greek War of Independence. It is unfortunate that the Phanariots in New York are playing a leading role in the celebrations. We should all keep in mind that while we celebrate the heroism and bravery of the Greeks who fought against the Ottoman Turks in a long and bloody struggle, that Greek independence remains seriously compromised.

That former Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and “Ambassador” Geoffrey Pyatt can influence both Church and State in Greece proves the realities in Greece today are less than ideal. At a time when Greece and Cyprus face existential threats from Turkish aggression and expansionism the last thing the Greeks needed was an inter Orthodox war with the Russians.

Patriarch Bartholomew and some of his supporters have been making chauvinistic and outright racist comments about non Greeks. Such statements deserve condemnation by Christian Greeks as they contradict the spirit of the gospel and the historic experience of the Greek nation. It should be remembered that the Greek Orthodox Church has always condemned racism and the greatest example of this comes from the defiant letter of Archbishop Damaskinos of Athens to the General of the Nazi SS when he expressed support for the Jews of Greece while denouncing Nazi racial theories.

For twenty seven years, Patriarch Bartholomew has never uttered a word about the Turkish occupation of Cyprus nor against the acts of Turkish aggression against Greece. When Patriarch Bartholomew started his ecclesiastical war against the Russian Church in Ukraine, he proceeded to so under cover of the Greek flag. This is a dishonor to the Greek flag.

The Churches of Greece, Cyprus, and Alexandria have been compromised enough and should not participate in any activities in Ukraine. If their primates wish to visit Ukraine they should do so in a spirit of repentance and should seek forgiveness from the bishops of the canonical Ukrainian Orthodox Church. If the Greek speaking world loves the Ecumenical Patriarchate and the spiritual heritage of Constantinople (as I do) then it is time to hold Patriarch Bartholomew accountable for his actions in Ukraine.

Back in 1973, there was a synod of the Eastern Patriarchates of Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem that presided over a dispute within the Church of Cyprus. A similar synod took place in Australia in 1993 over actions undertaken by the Patriarchate of Jerusalem and was attended by representatives of the Churches of Constantinople, Alexandria, and Greece. Perhaps such a synod of the Greek Churches need to meet to sort out the problems that Patriarch Bartholomew has created for them by dragging them into his vendetta against the Russian Church.

Whatever happens, if the primates of the Churches of Greece, Cyprus, and Alexandria join Patriarch Bartholomew in Ukraine, the schism that has been in effect since 2018 will get much worse. May the Lord enlighten them!

Categories
Letters

More on UNESCO and Hagia Sophia

 Greetings,


My name is Theodore G. Karakostas and I have written to you in the post regarding the status of Hagia Sophia. You have kindly responded to mein the past. As such, I am writing to you once more regarding the matter of the Hagia Sophia of Constantinople (Istanbul) which was converted into a Mosque in July 2020.

Reports in December indicated that there was an interest on the part of the Director General of the UN’s Cultural Legacy Ernesto Ottone to send UNESCO officials to Turkey to inspect both the Hagia Sophia and the former Church of the Savior at Chora (also converted into a Mosque). Reportsindicate that the Director General was concerned about the possible damage to the Christian iconography within these former Churches.

Perhaps you can provide me with information as to what has become of these inquiries and what UNESCO has been doing with regard to the HagiaSophia and Chora Church of the Savior. I look forward to your response.


Most Sincerely,
Theodore G. Karakostas 

Categories
faith

The latest tensions in Orthodoxy

Patriarch Bartholomew of Constantinople has sent a letter to the Archbishop of the Orthodox Church of the Czeck Lands and Slovakia protesting that Church’s celebration of the seventy year Tomos of autocephaly it received from the Russian Orthodox Church in 1951. In 1998, the Ecumenical Patriarchate issued its own Tomos of autocephaly to the Church of the Czeck Lands and Slovakia. At the time, this Church sought to ease tensions with Constantinople and apparently agreed to receive a Tomos from Constantinople. A Tomos is bestowed by the Mother Church upon a daughter Church when the latter receives the status of autocephaly.

The dispute in this particular case emanates from Constantinople’s claims that only it can bestow autocephaly to a Church. The issue of autocephaly is actually quite complex and there is no agreement as to who can and cannot bestow autocephaly on a particular Church. In 1970, the Russian Church bestowed autocephaly to one of its Churches in America that is now called “Orthodox Church in America” (OCA). Some Churches recognize the autocephaly of the OCA while others do not.

Even those who do not recognize the autocephaly of the OCA recognize it as being canonical and so is a part of the Orthodox Church. Constantinople does not recognize the OCA’s autocephaly but recognizes it as an autonomous part of the Russian Church. The question of how autocephaly is bestowed and who can bestow autocephaly was complicated enough before the events in Ukraine were undertaken in 2018.

The issue of autocephaly is one in which the Churches can disagree in good faith until an agreement is reached some time in the future. Despite disagreements on the matter of the OCA, Constantinople and Moscow maintained communion and friendly relations. Constantinople’s attempt to bestow autocephaly on schismatics in Ukraine has created much damage within Orthodoxy. It has also complicated the issue of autocephaly which will make it impossible in the near future for all the Churches to agree on how autocephaly should be bestowed.

The Ecumenical Patriarchate is opening up old wounds on top of new wounds. The Church of the Czeck Lands and Slovakia has been defacto autocephalous since 1951. Constantinople refrained from recognizing that autocephaly (as was its right) until 1998. Constantinople is within its rights to withhold recognition from a particular Church but does not have the right to bully that Church as it is now doing to the Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia.

The best way to resolve the issue of autocephaly is to return to the conciliar tradition of the early Church. The Churches of Rome, Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, Jerusalem, and Cyprus were all bestowed autocephaly by one of the Seven Ecumenical Councils. Some Churches such as that of Georgia did not receive autocephaly in this manner but was granted it by the Patriarchate of Antioch.

In order to avoid these never ending disputes, it would be best to convene an Ecumenical Council to resolve the problem of autocephaly. A Council needs to be convened to rule on the Ukrainian crisis anyway! The best solution would be to agree that autocephaly should only be granted by the unanimous agreement of all existing autocephalous Churches.

Patriarch Bartholomew continues to be a destabilizing source in Orthodoxy. His criticism of the Church of the Czeck Lands and Slovakia for commemorating an anniversary on their own territory is petty. The Church of the Czeck Lands and Slovakia is an autocephalous Church which means it does not answer either to Constantinople or Moscow.

Patriarch Bartholomew’s clumsy attempt to bestow autocephaly on schismatics on the territory of another canonical Church remains the real problem in Orthodoxy. The behavior of the Ecumenical Patriarch continues to damage both Orthodox unity and the prestige of the Church of Constantinople.

Categories
faith

Hagia sophia Diaries 21

Greek Foreign Minister Nikos Dendias raised the issue of Hagia Sophia at a human rights council at the United Nations. Credit should be given to the Greek government for raising awareness of the Turkish government’s deplorable conversion of Saint Justinian’s Church. Except, Minister Dendias referred to Hagia Sophia in the context of culture.

Certainly, it would make sense to mention the cultural significance of Hagia Sophia. But the Minister should have also mentioned it as a source of religion and Christianity as well. Hagia Sophia was a Greek Orthodox Cathedral and the seat of the Ecumenical Patriarch until the Ottomans conquered Constantinople in 1453.

The Minister should also have mentioned Hagia Sophia as an important national shrine of the Greek nation as well. Can any Greek forget the men, women, and children who were butchered or taken away into slavery on the day that the Ottoman Turks entered Hagia Sophia? Greek officials must not only raise the issue of Hagia Sophia, they must stress why the Erdogan governments actions are so offensive and provocative not only against the world, but against Orthodox Greeks specifically.

Categories
books

Rise of the Left

Book Review

Unmasked by Andy Ngo

Center Street. 2021

Andy Ngo is a real journalist in an age when the twenty four news cycle has transformed reporting into entertainment. “Unmasked” is a masterful piece of journalism written by the foremost expert on the Marxist organization known as “Antifa”. Andy Ngo spent several years covering Antifa and sought to warn America about its nefarious revolutionary agenda and its propensity for violence.

Andy Ngo was even beaten by members of Antifa while covering one of their public demonstrations in 2019. The best chapters in this book are the first two which recount last summers riots in Seattle and Portland. In Seattle, militants seized control of a small portion of territory and occupied it for several weeks.

During the period when a part of Seattle was in effect occupied territory, Anifa militants imposed their own form of rule over unwitting citizens who were effectively trapped. The Seattle Police Department which sought to impose the rule of law was blocked from doing so by the orders of Mayor Jenny Durkan. Similarly, when Antifa and Black Lives Matter rioters engaged in the destruction of private and public property in Portland, Mayor Ted Wheeler ordered the Police to stand down.

Not only did these Mayors order the Police to stand down, they engaged in public denunciations of the Police. Appallingly, the Mayors refused to impose order and permitted violence to go unchecked because of their perceptions that the rioters were politically progressive. As such, these two Democratic Mayors abandoned individual rights and the right to safety for individuals caught in the middle of the riots for ideological reasons.

True democrats (as in democracy, not the Democratic Party) understand that tolerance for violence and pogroms are immoral and barbaric. Medieval Europe and Tsarist Russia saw the sponsorship of anti semetic pogroms. Nazi Germany in 1938 instigated the anti semetic pogrom known as “Krystaalnacht”. The Turkish Republic in September 1955 organized a pogrom against the Greek minority that included Armenians and Jews as targets.

Andy Ngo has done an outstanding job not only as a journalis in recounting the horrors of the summer of 1920 and the years preceding it, he has done the work of a historian by recounting the history of the entire movement that took the name of “Antifa”. The name “Antifa” stands for anti fascist and the movement originally began in Germany during the 1920’s. At least in those days, it was a legitimate anti fascist movement that fought Hitler’s stormtroopers.

Between the German Antifa and the Nazi Party, there is no question that the Nazis were by far the greater evil. The present version of Antifa however cannot legitimately claim to be anti fascist. As Andy Ngo recounts, Antifa calls everyone a fascist or a racist.

Andy Ngo points out that the mainstream media have ignored and downplayed the violence and extremism of Antifa. This review is written over a month after the assault on the capital by extremist supporters of Donald Trump. The media loses its credibility to criticize Trump extremists when it refuses to condemn extremists from the left such as Antifa.

“Unmasked” is a superb book about political extremism and radicalism. It is an excellent and absorbing account of what has transpired in America during the years that preceded the summer of 2020 and after. Andy Ngo who is a Vietnamese American has distinguished himself as one of the most important journalists in America.

“Unmasked” is a well researched book and a truly shocking expose.

Categories
faith

The Rainbow Janissaries Strike at the heart of Greece

The Ministry of Education in Athens has introduced a sex education program that will be taught to children from kindergarden to high school. The program reportedly will endorse transgender ideology and will portray abortion as perfectly moral. According to news reports, the nuclear family will be heavily criticized and children will be taught to challenge the teaching of their parents.

This is Greece two hundred years after the declaration of the War of Independence against the Turks. This is what is being taught to Greek children at a time when Greek populations on the islands near the coast of Turkey face possible genocide in the event of a Turkish invasion. Why are Greek children being kept ignorant of the heroic struggles of their ancestors who shed their blood in order to ensure the existence of future generations of Orthodox Greeks?

Why are Greek children not learning about the genocide of the Greek populations in Asia Minor by the Turks? Because the Greek government like most of what constitutes the western world is dominated by left wing neo-Marxist ideologues who set the agenda. This is a moral outrage.

The Greek nation suffered horrendously during the centuries of Ottoman Turkish captivity. Generations of Greek boys were abducted by the Ottomans and trained as fighters in the elite fighting force known as the Janissaries. They were forcibly taken from their families, converted to Islam, and turned into fighting machines often to be used against fellow Christians.

Hellenic populations in regions that came to be part of independent Greece survived. There were numerous other regions where large numbers of Greeks managed to survive until they were wiped out in the final wave of genocide that occurred in 1922 and 1923. The parts of the Greek world that managed to survive up to the present day did so because of their Orthodox faith and the institution of the family. Devotion to the Church and the protection of Christ ensured that Greeks would survive the Turkish horrors.

The institution of the family which has come under attack throughout the western world saved the Greek nation along with faith in Christianity. The home was a place of refuge from the Ottoman persecution and discrimination. There is a 1963 film made by Greek American Director Elia Kazan called “America America”. That film features a great scene where the father who is often humiliated by the Turks leads his family in prayer. Without the institution of the family, Greeks could not have survived the long centuries of Ottoman rule.

Greek culture and language could not have survived without the Orthodox Church which reminded the Greek people of a lost history that preceded the coming of the Turks. The divine liturgy and worship was crucial in maintaining the Greek language. The Ottomans themselves as Muslims considered all Christians to be “people of the book”, recipients of an earlier revelation.

For all their brutality and for all the horrors of Ottoman rule, the laws of the Sultan’s Empire made it possible for Christianity to survive even in the midst of persecution. Without the Christian faith, the Greek language and the memories of the pre Turkish past would have faded away. These historical facts are not appreciated by the lunatics at the Greek Ministry of education who want to do away with Christ and to impose the new twenty first century pagan agenda that has ravaged most of the western world.

Around fifteen years ago, the secular and internationalist ideologues in Greece began striking at the history of Greece under the guise of “tolerance” and political correctness. Greek textbooks for schools were to include nice comments about the Janissaries. Educated Greeks who know history are aware that the Greek and Armenian populations in Smyrna were indiscriminately hunted down, raped, tortured , and murdered without mercy by Mustafa Kemal’s soldiers. The Greek textbooks of fifteen years ago attempted to omit the mass slaughter and merely said that the Greeks left Smyrna.

At the time, Archbishop Christodoulos led a mass opposition to the falsification of history in school text books. This was the same charismatic Archbishop who in 2000 led mass demonstrations in opposition to the anti Christian policies of the Socialist Party then in power in Athens. Today, Greek Orthodoxy is led by Patriarch Bartholomew who instigates schisms in Orthodoxy in furtherance of accumulating power, and Archbishop Ieronymos of Athens who has demonstrated he has no back bone to protest anything.

In fairness, it should be recalled that Greece has been under threat by the extreme right as well as the extreme left. For many years, the Neo Nazi Golden Dawn came to dominate neighborhoods in Athens where it proceeded to beat and torture migrants, and to disseminate anti semetic and racist material. Greece has been under a spiritual crisis for some time now.

Golden Dawn however has disappeared from the political scene following its failure to return to Parliament during the last elections. This leaves the extreme left as the sole threat to Christian Greece. Reasonable people can agree that adults should have the right to live as they choose and to undergo any surgery that they like. It is unconscionable however to indoctrinate children into these pagan and anti Christian lifestyles.

Orthodox Christian Greeks are obligated to stand against the Greek Ministry of education as the late Archbishop Christodoulos did. The rainbow flag is the flag of modern paganism. It is incompatible with the blue and and white flag of Greece which displays the Christian cross. Aside from being pagan, the rainbow flag has emerged as the flag of internationalism.

Internationalism is not compatible with the concept and ideals of the nation-state. Every nation is entitled to the preservation of its language, history, culture, borders, and faith. The Greek War of Independence began on March 25, the feast of the Annunciation. The destiny of Greece has been bound with the faith of Christ since the arrival of Saints Paul, Andrew, and John the theologian on Greek territory during the first century.

The imposition of LGBTQ ideology in Greek education will attempt to erase the sacred ties that exist between the Greek nation and Christ our God! This cannot be permitted. The men and women who rose up in 1821 did so in order to establish an independent Greece that would preserve Hellenism and the truth of Orthodox Christianity!

Categories
faith

Patriarch Bartholomew and Ukraine

In Ukraine, signatures from politicians, journalists, academics, and ordinary faithful have been collected and sent to Patriarch Bartholomew in order to appeal to the Patriarch to meet with the Orthodox Churches to find a resolution to the schism in Ukraine. This appeal to the Ecumenical Patriarch comes in anticipation of an upcoming visit to Ukraine by the Patriarch. In the meantime, Churches of the canonical Ukrainian Orthodox Church are being seized by extremists who support the artificial “Orthodox Church of Ukraine”.

Meanwhile, in an interview with an Italian newspaper Patriarch Bartholomew has defended his actions in Ukraine by pointing out that the Church of Constantinople had granted autocephaly to the other local Orthodox Churches. The difference between the Ukrainian case and the cases of real autocephalous Churches lies in the fact that the Ukrainian Church is not under Constantinople and that the Synod of the Phanar has no right to grant autocephaly in this case. Patriarch Bartholomew remains completely unreasonable with his attitude of self justification.

In the cases of other Orthodox Churches, autocephaly was an accomplished fact in those local Churches before Constantinople granted them each a Tomos of autocephaly. Again, the difference between the Churches of the Balkans and Ukraine was that the former Churches were part of the Church of Constantinople, whereas the Ukrainian Church is a part of the Moscow Patriarchate. Patriarch Bartholomew is simply denying reality by refusing to listen to the various appeals and messages from most of the Orthodox primates and bishops who stand in opposition to what has been done in Ukraine.

In other developments, a member of the Ecumenical Patriarchate’s Holy Synod, Metropolitan Athanasios of Chalcedon, has been removed from his position. It is unclear why this hierarch has been removed.

Categories
political

2021 The year of anniversaries for the Hellenic world

The year 2021 will mark three anniversaries regarding the Hellenic speaking world. First, 2021 will mark the two hundredth anniversary of the Greek War of Independence. After many centuries of oppression under Turkish rule, the Greeks revolted in a heroic struggle which took many years and the shedding of blood and finally established the modern Greek state. March 25 will mark a glorious celebration of the Greek War of Independence.

A second anniversary comes on August 26 with the nine hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the Battle of Manzikert. On that day in 1071, the Byzantine armies of Emperor Romanus Diogenes lost a battle that continues to have consequences for the Hellenic world up to the present. Half of Anatolia fell to the Turks and although it took four centuries to come about, Manzikert made the fall of Constantinople inevitable.

A third anniversary can be seen with the closure of the theological school of Halki by the Turkish authorities in 1971. These three anniversaries are worth analyzing and discussing in the present day context of problems facing the Hellenic speaking world. At present, Greece faces either a possible existential threat at the hands of the Turks or the possibility of the loss of islands and genocide in the event of a Turkish invasion of any Greek islands.

The Greek War of Independence was a glorious achievement that resulted from the tireless efforts of Greeks to throw off the Turkish yoke. It set the stage for the subsequent expansion of the Greek state. In 1864, Greece received the Ionian islands and in 1881, the region of Thessaly was ceded to Greece by the great powers.

In the aftermath of the heroic victories of the Balkan Wars, Greece liberated Macedonia, Epirus, and Crete. The era of the liberation period in Greek history came to an end with the rise of Mustafa Kemal in Turkey (through the backing of the western powers and the Soviet communists) who presided over the extermination of all Christian Greeks, Armenians, and Assyrians throughout Anatolia. The remaining Greeks in Turkey (Constantinople, Imbros, Tenedos) would be ethnically cleansed following the pogroms of 1955 and the ethnic cleansing campaigns of the 1960’s.

In 1974, Turkey invaded Cyprus and ethnically cleansed over 200,000 Greek Cypriots form their homes. In the aftermath of the present day realities of the continued occupation of Cyprus and the threats to Greek and Cypriot territorial rights, the memory of the Battle of Manzikert looms large. After Maznikert, the Seljuk Turks appeared to be an unstoppable force.

Byzantine efforts to stop the Turks were temporarily successful after the Emperor Alexios Comnenos made agreements with the Crusaders (a very sinister pact in itself) but over the long term Byzantium was unable to hold the line against the Seljuk Turks. In 1204, Constantinople was invaded and occupied by the Knights of the Fourth Crusade. That invasion and long occupation destroyed the Christian Empire and destroyed forever any ability to resist or forestall the advancing Turkish forces.

In 1303, Sultan Osman came to the Turkish throne and it was from this Sultan that the Ottoman Empire was named. The Ottomans advanced steadily over a period of time as Constantinople lost more and more territory. During the disastrous reign of John Cantacuzenos during the 1350’s, the Empire hired the Ottomans as mercenaries to fight the Serbs! The Ottomans established a foothold in the Balkans.

Despite diplomatic efforts by the Emperor Manuel Paleologos who travelled to England and France in the early 1400’s, no western help arrived. In 1439, Emperor John Paleologos submitted to the demands of the Latin Pope and abandoned Orthodoxy in order to save Constantinople. That effort ended in humiliation and disaster!

Constantinople fell and the era of Turkocratia was ushered in. Constantine Paleologos and the defenders of Constantinople fought honorably and with great bravery but they did not have the number of fighters needed in order to prevail. In 1821, the Greeks revolted and for a century the Hellenic world came alive again through the expansion of Greece which began liberating Greek populations in the Balkans.

The liberation of Greece after the War of Independence was not without its problems. From the very beginning, Great Britain and Germany began interfering in Greek domestic affairs. This set a precedent for the United States which intervenes in Greek domestic affairs at the present time.

The third anniversary of the Hellenic speaking world in 2021 comes with the fiftieth anniversary of the closing of the theological school of Halki. The closing of Halki occurred within the context of the anti Greek pogroms of 1955 and the ethnic cleansing of the Greek Orthodox populations of Constantinople and the islands of Imbros and Tenedos during the 1960’s. Halki was closed so that the Turkish government could expel the Patriarchate and be rid of all Greek Orthodox inhabitants once and for all.

When the present Ecumenical Patriarch was elected in 1991 (here is yet a fourth anniversary the Hellenic speaking Orthodox world will commemorated in 2021) his top priority was the opening of the Halki School of theology. Despite widespread international attention on this issue, Turkey has refused to open Halki. The Patriarchate’s position it can be said has both improved and worsened in the past thirty years.

On the one level, it appeared the Patriarchate’s position increased by the diplomatic activity at the Ecumenical Patriarchate which brought a measure of protection from the Turkish authorities. Despite this however, the Ecumenical Patriarch became the target of terrorists who on several occasions bombed the Patriarchate while on other occasions Turkish officers conspired to assassinate both the Ecumenical Patriarch and the Armenian Patriarch. The Ecumenical Patriarchate’s position decreased (perhaps fatally) when it made the horrible decision to “grant” autocephaly to the uncanonical schismatic “Church” factions in Ukraine in 2018.

The Ecumenical Patriarchate created a schism in Orthodoxy and has succeeded (with the help of the State Department) in compromising the Churches of Greece and Alexandria both of whom have established communion with an illegitimate ecclesiastical entity whose hierarchy and clergy have no valid ordinations or consecrations. This is now the context in which the Hellenic world finds itself in.

On the year of the anniversaries, the Hellenic speaking world faces one crisis after the other. Throughout the centuries of Ottoman rule, Greece survived because of Orthodoxy. As Greece faces threats to its existence as a result of Turkish expansionism, the Greek Churches need to restore their standing within the Orthodox communion by revoking their recognition of the Ukrainian schismatics and reconciling with the greater Orthodox world.