Tag: Turkey

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faith

Greece And Orthodoxy

Archbishop Makarios of the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of Australia stated that if Greeks lose the Greek language they will lose their faith.This blogger has written extensively on Hellenism and Orthodoxy over the years, including three books. Yes, the Greek language is important but the Archbishop misses some bigger points.

At the present time, the Greek Churches are in a state of chaos owing to the schism with the Russian Church and the persecution of the Ukrainian Church. The Greek Churches are in a state of crisis because of these developments. Patriarch Bartholomew has effectively invited the American government into the affairs of his own Patriarchate, the Church of Greece, and Mount Athos.

The issue of the Greek language is not the problem afflicting Greek Orthodoxy today. It is the lack of independence for the Churches of Greece and Cyprus that is the real problem. Greeks do not need lectures from bishops serving a Patriarch who is a Turkish citizen and collaborated with the State Department at the expense of Orthodox ecclesiology.

Constantinople is unquestionably the center of the Hellenic world and Greek Orthodoxy. But that does not mean bestowing approval and blindly following the unacceptable actions of Patriarch Bartholomew. Patriarch Bartholomew’s ecclesiastical crimes are steadily growing.

Does anyone believe the Greek language in Greece or Cyprus is threatened? In America and Australia it makes good sense for English to be used in the Divine Liturgy. The language of the people is the language of the Church. This does not take away the beauty of Greek in the Divine Liturgy but circumstances dictate that the faithful should understand the liturgy.

When Saints Cyril and Methodios during the ninth century proceeded to convert the Slavs, they translated the gospel and the liturgy into Cyrillic. The Church is commanded by Christ to evangelize and to spread the message of salvation It is not meant to be confined.

From a Hellenic standpoint, there are pressing matters to attend to. This means that Greece and Cyprus must be defended in the event of Turkish invasions. The Ecumenical Patriarchate and its overseas bishops have nothing to contribute to these efforts. The inter Orthodox crisis over the Patriarch’s meddling in Ukraine has stirred up divisions among Greeks when unity is needed.

The Ecumenical Patruarchate and its eparchys abroad such as the Archdiocese of America need to be removed from matters pertaining to Greece and Cyprus.

Categories
faith

The Ecumenical Patriarchate And Turkey

Last November, a Turkish Admiral demanded a crackdown on the Ecumenical Patriarchate. The Admiral was seeking to revive allegations by Turkish ultranationalists and jihadists in previous years that the Patriarchate’s diplomatic activities were directed against Turkey. This should be a serious concern considering how low Patriarch Bartholomew’s reputation in Orthodoxy has sunk.

The US Commission on international religious freedom for 2022 has a section on Turkey. It mentions the closure of Halki but not Hagia Sophia of Constantinople or the Churches of occupied Cyprus. The State Department has been documenting Halki for decades.

At the present, Ukrainian officials are cracking down hard on the Ukrainian Orthodox Church. Bishops are being arrested and Churchgoers attending the legitimate Churches are being harassed by mobs. Patriarch Bartholomew is complicit in the persecution of the Ukrainian Church which is why his problems in Turkey are bound to fall on deaf ears in the Orthodox world.

In Christianity, the door is always open for repentance. Patriarch Bartholomew can do the right thing. He needs to abandon his claims to Ukraine and disavow all he had done in Ukraine over the past five years. Otherwise, he is going to bring about the Patriarchate’s demise.

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faith

His Memory Be Eternal!

On Monday April 10, one of the Saints that is commemorated on the calendar of the Orthodox Church is Patriarch Gregory V of Constantinople. Patriarch Gregory served as Ecumenical Patriarch on at least three different occasions. He was deposed the first two times, but his last tenure on the Patriarchal throne ended with his execution. 

He was executed at the gate of the Ecumenical Patriarchate on the Sunday of Pascha. He was held responsible by the Ottoman Sultan for the outbreak of the Greek War of Independence. Formally, the Patriarch renounced the Greek uprising. Unofficially however, he had known about plans for an uprising but remained silent. He took the position that he could not be formally involved but did nothing to betray the Greek cause either. 

After the Greek uprising, a campaign of terror was undertaken against the Greek Orthodox populations of Constantinople, Smyrna, and Thessaloniki. The martyrdom of the Patriarch seemed to have exhausted the rage of the Sultan and the policies against the Greeks in those cities was relaxed. The Patriarch gave his life for the protection of his flock.

His execution angered both the Russian and British governments. The Russians were angry that an Orthodox Patriarch was put to death and the anti Greek terror campaign in the Ottoman Empire hardened Russian attitudes to the Turks. The British recognized that the execution of one of Christendom’s most prominent spiritual leaders was a horrendous crime and could not ignore it. 

The Patriarch suffered considerably. Along with several bishops he was hanged. The gate where he was hanged from at the Patriarchate has remained closed up to the present day. A former Mayor of Constantinople that was elected in 1994 named Recep Erdogan had vowed that he would visit the Patriarchate and the gate would be opened just for him. International pressure forced him to back down. 

The Patriarch Gregory V was weak and frail. He was hanging for hours before he died. His body was subsequently degraded and dragged through the streets of Constantinople. His body was thrown into the bosporus was eventually found and taken to Odessa where he received an official State funeral at the expense of the Russian Empire. In 1871, the relics of the Patriarch were sent to Athens where they have remained in the Annunciation Cathedral to be venerated by faithful Orthodox Greeks. 

Patriarch Gregory V is an example of a spiritual shepherd. His life was lost so his faithful left behind in the Ottoman Empire would be spared. On the one hundredth anniversary of his martyrdom in 1921, the Patriarch Gregory was officially recognized as a Saint by the Greek Orthodox Church. This was when the Greeks were fighting for the liberation of Asia Minor and it was hoped the Greek Army would be inspired by the Saint from Constantinople. 

It should be noted that the Russians gave the Patriarch a state funeral. There is no reason why the Ecumenical Patriarchate should not have brotherly spiritual relations with the Russian Church. Greeks and Russians share so much including the Saints. Ecumenical Patriarch Gregory V was an Orthodox traditionalist and one of the best Patriarchs to serve in the post Byzantine era. The present occupant of the Ecumenical Patriarchate should emulate his example and his bravery.

In this case, bravery would be to reverse what has been done in Ukraine over the past five years. This necessitates condemning the oppression of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church. Let us remember Patriarch Gregory V! His memory be eternal!

Categories
faith

Hagia Sophia Diaries 30

Last December it was reported that Hagia Sophia suffered even more damage. The Imperial Gate under the mosaics of Saints Constantine and Justinian was damaged last year, but in December it was discovered the gate suffered more damage. Hagia Sophia appears to suffer from the ignorance of those responsible for the Great Church’s upkeep.

President Erdogan took Hagia Sophia from the ministry of culture which did a good job preserving the Church, and gave it to the clerics who are completely indifferent to both the Christian origins of Hagia Sophia and the historical significance of the Church. The upcoming Turkish elections will be significant.

Will Hagia Sophia be restored as a museum in a post Erdogan government? This remains to be seen.

Categories
faith

Ukrainian Schism engulfs Church of Cyprus

Four Bishops of the Orthodox Church of Cyprus have angrily responded to the commemoration in the divine liturgy by Archbishop Chrysostom II of Epiphanios Dimenko, the “bishop” of the schismatic entity in Ukraine. The Archbishop’s commemoration of a man who has no priestly ordination or bishop’s consecration and is therefore not the head of an autocephalous Church is a serious violation of the canonical order of the Orthodox Church. This threatens to lead to a rupture of communion between the Orthodox Church of Cyprus and the Russian Orthodox Church of which the canonical Ukrainian Orthodox Church is an autonomous part of.

It is quite probable that the Archbishop has succumbed to pressure from the Ecumenical Patriarch and his powerful friends in the American government. The Members of the Holy Synod of the Church of Cyprus are rightfully furious with the Archbishop for making a decision that could destroy relations with the Russian Church and affect its relations with the rest of the Orthodox Church unilaterally.

Archbishop Chrysostomos II is only the latest Greek hierarch to disregard the holy and sacred canons of the Orthodox Church and to recognize the fake entity in Ukraine. Originally, the Bishops of the Church of Greece entered into communion with the fake “church” of Ukraine. Some of the Greek Monasteries on Mount Athos concelebrated the divine liturgy with some of the fake “bishops” of Ukraine. Like Patriarch Theodore of Alexandria, Archbishop Chrysostom had stated that he recognized only the canonical Ukrainian Church but then turned around and recognized the schismatics.

This action on the part of the Archbishop of Cyprus has now engulfed the last of the Greek speaking Churches in Orthodoxy. The Patriarchate of Jerusalem has refused to recognize the Ukrainian schismatics but while the Patriarch and most of his Bishops are Greek, the Patriarch’s flock is Arab. Jerusalem is therefore both an Arab and a Greek Church.

It cannot be stressed enough that Patriarch Bartholomew is provoking a schism in Orthodoxy that widens each time an autocephalous Church enters into communion with the schismatics. As all the Churches to have recognized the schismatics are Greek, this will leave the Greek Orthodox world estranged and cut off from the whole of Orthodoxy. Since the Ecumenical Patriarch invaded the Russian Church’s territory in Ukraine we have seen the following,

1) The persecution of the canonical Ukrainian Orthodox Church by the Ukrainian authorities.

2) The cessation of communion between the Russian Church and the Churches of Constantinople and Alexandria.

3) The cessation of communion between the Russian Church and some Metropolises of the Church of Greece.

4) The division and estrangement between the upper ranks of the Patriarchate of Alexandria and the native African Bishops that resulted when African Bishops protested the Patriarch’s decision to establish communion with the Ukrainian schismatics.

5) A division within the Church of Greece between twelve principled Bishops who refuse to violate the canons of the Church, priests, monastics, theologians, and faithful on the one side and the Archbishop of Athens and a vast majority of Bishops on the other side who endorsed entering into communion with the Ukrainian schismatics.

At a time when Greece and Cyprus face increasing encroachments on their territorial rights from Turkey, this latest development in the two year crisis within the Orthodox Church is especially unwelcome. Over the past two years, Patriarch Bartholomew has sought to portray himself as a Greek nationalist. His infamous chauvinistic comments about the Russians needing to recognize “our people” at the head of Orthodoxy comes to mind.

Patriarch Bartholomew has failed to recognize the damage he has done to Orthodoxy. From the outset, the Ecumenical Patriarchate made itself an accomplice in the fierce persecution of the canonical Ukrainian Orthodox Church. By colluding with American officials in Washington and Athens to pressure the Church of Greece (and later the Patriarchate of Alexandria) to establish communion with schismatics, the Ecumenical Patriarchate made their synods complicit in the persecution of Ukrainian Orthodoxy.

In recent days, Russia has released statements supporting Greece’s territorial rights in the Aegean against Turkey. Russia has released a statement reminding Turkey of the Russian bombardment of the Ottoman Empire at the Battle of Navarino in 1828. Very crucially, the Russian government has condemned the Turkish decision to reopen the town of Varosha in the Turkish occupied territories of Cyprus.

The decision of Archbishop Chrysostom to commemorate the fraudster Dimenko is despicable first and foremost for violating the canons of the Orthodox Church. It is also inherently stupid for alienating the Russians at a time when Russian diplomacy has been stepping up for Cyprus and Greece. The violation of canon laws by the Greek speaking Churches and the appalling treachery and cowardice by Greek hierarchs in four Churches demonstrate that the Greek Orthodox world has reached its greatest spiritual crisis in at least two centuries.

All this can be blamed on the Ecumenical Patriarch, the so called Greek “ethnarch”. Many Greeks scattered throughout the world have remained fervently loyal to Patriarch Bartholomew. This misguided loyalty has not been returned by the Ecumenical Patriarch.

If Patriarch Bartholomew cared for the Greeks and the Greek speaking Churches he would not have sought to divide them from their sister Churches in the communion of Orthodox Churches. Nor would he have destabilized them by creating one crisis after another in Greece, Alexandria, and now Cyprus. Greeks who continue to support Patriarch Bartholomew should ask one question.

If the Ecumenical Patriarch cared about Greece and Cyprus would he be creating divisions and conflicts not only between the Greek Churches and the Russian Church, but divisions among Greeks themselves?

Categories
faith

On the inaccurate statements of a Church of Greece hierarch

His Eminence Metropolitan Anthimos of Alexandroupolis has criticized the Russian Orthodox Church and accused it of trying to erase the Ecumenical Patriarchate. This assessment is completely and entirely false. The Russian Church has done nothing to harm the Ecumenical Patriarchate other than to defend itself, its clergy, and its faithful from persecution.

It is abundantly clear that many of the hierarchs of the Church of Greece are ignorant of what has been happening in Ukraine. Furthermore, there is no excuse for being ignorant considering that fact that several hierarchs of the Church of Greece including Metropolitans Serapheim of Pireaus, Serapheim of Kythyra, Nektarios of Corfu, and Simeon on New Smyrna have informed the Synod as to what has been happening in Ukraine. In addition, prominent priests and theologians such as Father Theodore Zisis, Father Anastasios Gotsopoulos, and Professor Demetrios Tselengides have all spoken against recognition of the Ukrainians schismatics in great detail citing the Church canons.

Over one year ago, a petition in Greece signed by priests, theologians, monastics, and lay people was sent to the Holy Synod asking them NOT to recognize the schismatics. There is simply no reason for the hierarchs of the Church of Greece to be issuing statements based on ignorance. The true facts regarding the situation in Ukraine are well known and it is only because of laziness that Greek hierarchs refuse to be enlightened about Ukraine.

It is an established fact that the Ukrainian Orthodox Church under the synod of Metropolitan Onuphry is the canonical Church of Ukraine. The Ecumenical Patriarchate, the Patriarchate of Alexandria, and the Church of Greece maintained communion with this canonical synod until 2018-2019. An “autocephalous” Church cannot be established on the territory where a canonical Church already exists.

The canonical Church consists of two thirds of all Ukrainians. This fact has either been disregarded by Greek hierarchs or these hierarchs are too lazy to get information. The legitimate Church has been fiercely persecuted and Greek hierarchs refuse to open their eyes. We Greeks can’t really complain anymore about the plight of the Ecumenical Patriarchate in Turkey since we are in effect supporting the persecution of Orthodox in Ukraine.

His Eminence Metropolitan Anthimos seems to forget the Ecumenical Patriarchate’s previous attacks on the Church of Greece. It has been reported previously by the Greek language “Orthodox Typos” in Athens that the late Archbishop Serapheim (1974-1998) refused to invite Patriarch Bartholomew to Athens because of the Patriarch’s encroachments on the canonical territory of the Church of Greece. Furthermore, the late Archbishop Christodoulos (1998-2008) very publicly feuded with Patriarch Bartholomew because of Constantinople’s aggressive actions in Northern Greece.

If the Church of Greece today had the kind of strong leadership that Archbishops Serapheim and Christodoulos provided it is unlikely that the Athens Synod would have recognized the Ukrainian schismatics. The two previous Archbishops were both independent minded and provided guidance to the Holy Synod. The present Archbishop Ieronymos on the other hand has not only not provided leadership he has bowed before the secular interests of the State Department and the American Embassy in Athens.

The Russians have never tried to undermine the Ecumenical Patriarchate. Moscow has always affirmed both by its statements and attendance at Pan Orthodox gatherings that the Ecumenical Patriarch is “first among equals”. Moscow has never tried to remove Constantinople from holding first place in the dyptychs or abolishing its “primacy of honour”.

Moscow has only challenged Constantinople when the latter Church has attempted to exceed its authority by attempting to grab Moscow’s territory as it did during the mid 1990’s when it established its own Bishops in Estonia. His Eminence Metropolitan Anthimos should recall that the late Archbishop Christodoulos of Athens openly supported Moscow during the Estonian crisis. In addition, the Church of Greece has resisted Constantinople’s encroachments just as Moscow has.

Yet, it would not be accurate to say that the Church of Greece was trying to “erase” the Ecumenical Patriarchate. The state into which the Greek Orthodox world has fallen is truly lamentable. Our Churches are now under the influence of the State Department.

How ironic this is. His Eminence Metropolitan Anthimos accuses the Russians of trying to “erase” the Ecumenical Patriarchate. His Eminence should reread the history of the Church of Constantinople during the 1950’s and the 1960’s. When the Turkish government waged its campaign of ethnic cleansing against Orthodox Greeks through pogroms and mass expulsions the State Department uttered not a single word of protest on behalf of the Patriarchate’s flock.

Who is really trying to “erase” the Ecumenical Patriarchate? It is not the Russians.

Categories
political

The Germans Again

During the First World War, Germany was the ally of the Ottoman Empire. The Germans gave military, diplomatic, and political support to the Young Turks when the genocide of the Armenians, Assyrians, and Greeks was well under way. During the Second World War, Germany occupied Greece and caused the deaths of hundreds of thousands of Greeks through either massacres or famine.

The Germans have proven that no matter whether they are ruled by the Kaiser, Hitler, or Angela Merkel they remain firmly consistent in their disregard for the rights of Greece. Germany is not, never has been, and never will be a friend of Greece. The Washington Post now reports that Germany may have arranged a meeting between Prime Minister Mitsotakis and President Erdogan.

The Greek Prime Minister must be very careful not to make any concessions. International law is on the side of Greece and the support for Greece from France, Italy, Egypt, and the United Arab Emirates has has been achieved through diplomacy and hard work. German interests are not Greek interests.

Many Greek Americans are opposed to President Donald Trump and President Vladimir Putin of Russia. This is a mistake. While it is true that Russia presently enjoys friendly relations with Turkey, that is likely to change as is the relationship between President Trump and President Erdogan. It German Chancellor Angela Merkel that Greeks everywhere should be looking at with hostility.

Germany has evolved from the country that was appeased in 1938 to the country that is Europe’s appeaser in 2020. The Germans are looking to appease President Erdogan’s Turkey. The Turks are threatening to flood Europe with millions of refugees. Rather than being outraged by Turkish blackmail and concluding that Ankara should be challenged, Berlin seeks to appease Ankara and probably at the expense of Athens.

Prime Mitsotakis has done well in deterring Turkish aggression. It would be a mistake for him to embrace the pan European internationalism that the Socialist Party (PASOK) embraced between 1996 and 2004. If Greece accepts a flawed agreement with Turkey under German auspices this will be victory of Pan European internationalism at the expense of Pan Hellenic nationalism. Turkey is an international threat and menace and capitulating to Ankara will only make that threat much worse.

The Washington Post following the New York Times thinks “diplomacy” is a good thing. This depends on what “diplomacy” looks like. The New York Times lamented the absence of Richard Holbrooke who was an appeaser of Turkish aggression in 1996. The Washington Post commends Angela Merkel’s initiative. Athens must beware lest Angela Merkel becomes the Richard Holbrooke of 2020 and Athens snatches defeat from the jaws of victory.

Categories
political

Another victory for Greece

The Turkish seismic research vessel Oruc Reis has returned to Turkey despite the strong words from the Turkish leadership in recent days and the provocations of the National Action Party (the Grey Wolves) who celebrated the anniversary of the Turkish slaughter of Armenian and Greek Christians at Smyrna. This is the third Greek victory over Turkey this year. Earlier this year, Athens successfully defended the Greek border from refugees who were being exploited by Turkey for use as a political weapon against Greece.

At the end of July, Turkey stopped drilling for oil near the Greek island of Castellorizo. Prime Minister Mitsotakis has understandably adopted a diplomatic stance following the Turkish withdrawal but should not conclude that the Turkish threat has diminished. President Erdogan’s bragging about the events at Smyrna and other Turkish officials bragging about Syrian jihadists who were prepared to fight with Turkey in the event of a war with Greece should not be forgotten.

Strong support from France, Italy and Egypt has been of enormous benefit to Greece as has the threat of European sanctions against Turkey. Greek diplomacy has won another small but serious victory. It should be remembered that Erdogan has constantly called for the revision of the Treaty of Lausanne and Turkish officials in all parties sitting in the Turkish Parliament have called for the seizure of the Greek islands.

Greece has taken strong steps in purchasing military equipment and sending troops to the island of Castellorizo. Its strong determination to defend its territory and its islands played a role in deterring Turkish aggression at this particular time. Athens needs to build on the small but significant victories it has achieved this year. It must continue purchasing military equipment and keeping its military on guard for the next confrontation that Turkey instigates.

Alarmist articles in the New York Times and the Guardian lamented the absence of traditional American diplomacy in the handling of Greek-Turkish confrontations. If the late Richard Holbrook whose absence has been lamented by these misguided editorialists had handled this Greece would have been forced to forfeit its rights. Greece has just benefitted from the replacement of traditional American “diplomacy” by Trump’s diplomacy.

The Trump administration stayed out of it and did not pressure Greece. The Greeks stood up for themselves and Turkey capitulated. This is a Greek victory in the Trump era which has no precedents during the eras of the Clinton or Obama administrations. Nor does it have any precedents in the Republican administration of George W. Bush.

There are yet more dangers that exist. The world remains strangely silent at the exploitation of millions of Middle Eastern refugees by the Turkish government. Turkey has threatened to flood Europe with these refugees. Germany has been so struck with fear over another refugee crisis that it was willing to appease Turkish aggression against Greece.

Certainly, there are reasons to fear another refugee crisis in Europe. Even at the best of times the refugee crisis was a problem. Now in the world of covid-19 millions of refugees flooding Europe will add far greater dangers than ever before. The Turkish government is attempting to hold Europe hostage through the inhumane treatment of the refugees and the potential threat to millions of people in Europe.

The Erdogan government is an international menace to the entire world. Greece has emerged as a front line state and is taking its place. At last, Athens is finding its voice and putting forward its national interests like a normal country.

Categories
books

Genocide and the Turks

Book Review

The Thirty Year Genocide

by Benny Morris and Dror Ze’evi

Harvard University Press. 2019

Turkish President Recep Teyyip Erdogan has followed the example of the leader of National Action Party ( the neo-fascist Grey Wolves) leader Devlet Bahceli and recalled the events at Smyrna which resulted in the mass slaughter of that city’s Greek and Armenian Christian inhabitants. Erdogan mentioned that Turkey would again drive the Greeks into the sea. For a country whose policies are heavily based on genocide denial, Turkey goes out of its way to actually remind the world not only of the genocide that its founders committed, but that it is willing to commit genocide again.

Turkey has lost the war that it spent many decades fighting by trying to impose its genocide denial on foreign countries and societies. That was has been lost as can be seen by the continued and unrelenting publication of books on the Armenian, Assyrian, and Greek genocides. Turkey had always been fighting a losing battle as its only real supporters in western governments and academic institutions were corrupt politicians and pseudo academics willing to come under Ankara’s influence for a price of some sort. Bernard Lewis is a perfect example.

In 2019, Israeli academics Benny Morris and Dror Ze’evi published “The Thirty Year Genocide” a five hundred page tome documenting the systematic planning and carrying out of the physical extermination of the Ottoman Empire’s Christian populations. This book followed on the publication of “The Great Fire” by Lou Ureneck just a couple of years earlier which was about the slaughter of the Greeks and Armenians and the burning of Smyrna. There has never been any question as to the historical truth of what transpired in Anatolia between 1914 and 1923. When Turkish leaders open their big mouths making threats they are verifying the fact that their country has been built over the corpses of Armenian, Assyrian, and Greek Christians.

The authors of “The Thirty Year Genocide” spent seven years researching and writing this book. Their outstanding efforts show as this is simply a historical masterpiece. The authors recount in the introduction that Turkish governments over the decades have purged their historical archives of incriminating evidence. Turkish efforts to hide the truth have ended in miserable failure.

The authors in great detail recount the origins of genocide which they claim began against the Armenians in 1894. Over time, the policies of mass extermination were extended to the Greeks and Assyrians. Three governments in the Ottoman Empire were responsible- the government of Sultan Abdul Hamid II, the Young Turks, and Mustafa Kemal Pasha. Each government continued pursuing genocide as an instrument of state policy.

There are times when this book is tough to read. The pages at times endlessly describe the slaughter of Greeks and Armenians in village after village after village. They describe them in great detail and with statistics. This is a product of great historical research as well as political significance.

Israel for many years used its influence in Washington to stop the recognition of the Armenian genocide by the United States Congress. One has to wonder whether this book could have been published by two prominent Israeli historians had relations between Israel and Turkey not been damaged by the present leadership in Ankara. This is a wonderful and powerful contribution to the history of the Christians in the late Ottoman and early Republican eras in Turkish history.

This book has great political significance because unlike Germany which was occupied by the allies in 1945 and forced to undergo a policy of denazification, Turkey has never been forced or compelled to account for the horrors it inflicted on the Christian populations. As a result Greece, Cyprus, and Armenia today face threats of genocide by the Erdogan regime. Armenia in particular has been threatened by the lunatic regime in Azerbaijan which has threatened to attack Armenia’s nuclear power plant.

In recent days, the Greek government appointed an Ambassador to Azerbaijan. The Ambassador was in fact insulted by his hosts who made it clear that they stand firmly with Turkey on the matter of Ankara’s aggressive designs against Greece. It is abundantly clear that Turkey and Azerbaijan are being led by lunatics who are capable of and willing to resume genocidal operations against the descendants of the communities they exterminated one century ago.

Favorable reviews of this book were published in various American and British newspapers. Most important may have been the article about this book that appeared in the Wall Street Journal. The Journal was once one of the most staunchly pro Turkish newspapers in America. Its editorial writers served as apologists for the denial of the Armenian genocide and for the Turkish invasions of Cyprus.

They published a review of this book entitled “When Turkey killed its Christians” and recounted the genocide of the Armenians and Greeks. This is one example where the rise of Erdogan has led to a change in attitude toward Turkey. This past summer, National Review, another formerly pro Turkish publication made mention of the Armenian and Greek genocides.

Serious historians have worked hard for decades to expose the truth of genocide that was committed by the Turkish government. Their work has not been in vain. New generations of historians and scholars have come to assist the effort in liberating history from politics.